Israel’s attack on Gaza raises questions on strategy countering terrorists

Religion-driven alignments seem to be further bolstering this global divide. Iran coming closer to China and Russia, the Taliban-led Kabul Emirate striking a give-and-take adjustment with China and the Arab world siding with Hamas against Israel because of the basic contradiction between Islam and Zionism - are all trends that signified the importance of religion as the fundamental driving force of unity overriding political differentiations

In these nine months of its air and ground operations in Gaza in response to the terror attack of Hamas on October 7 last year, Israel has forcibly displaced 80 per cent of the population there, killed over 37,000 people including a large number of Palestinian women and children and dropped as many bombs in the region as the total of those thrown on Europe in World War II.

The military action of the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) against Hamas not only raises the issue of disproportionate collateral losses in an army action but also questions the basic strategy of effectively countering terrorist organisations, itself.

It is true that Hamas practising terrorist methodology is also a military outfit that combined the tactics of first unleashing an open missile attack and then using it as a cover to infiltrate across the Israeli border to resort to indiscriminate firing with automatic rifles killing a large number of civilians -- nearly 1200 -- who were participating in Israel's Memorial Day function nearby. In the brutal offensive Hamas took away nearly 250 hostages mostly women and children.

Israel as a democratic State was fully justified in taking to a military response to punish Hamas but its action has over time been reduced to blind destruction of the civilian areas and establishments where the Hamas militants were expected to be taking shelter in the underground tunnels.

Even in situations where two rival armies confronted each other a certain amount of civilian casualties might occur as unavoidable collateral damage but in Gaza, the IDF went all out against the invisible enemy hidden behind non-combatant civilians -- women and children included -- and in the process extensively bombed the residential areas.

It is possible that many of the civilians were actively supporting Hamas -- the Oct 7 attack on Israel had sent down a wave of excitement and appreciation across Palestine. They might even be sheltering Hamas militants thus running the risk of inviting punitive action at the hands of the Israeli army but the stand of Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu that Hamas would be eliminated even if the IDF had to destroy the entire Gaza that was instrumental in providing a cover to the terrorists, would surely lead to adverse political consequences for him in his own country as well as in the international community.

Counter-terror operations have to be intelligence-based, particularly where the Army is used for them, because the unseen enemy would only be eliminated when his identity and location were known -- heavy armament was no guarantee of their success.

As matters stand the devastation of civilian life and property in Israeli military action is only helping to spread the support for Hamas not only in the Muslim world but elsewhere too.

A terrorist force thrives on presenting itself as a "victim" of retaliatory action even though it might have caused the initial provocation -- because it banks ultimately on the battle of perception and draws advantage from the loss of innocent lives in any counter-terror operations.

In the case of Israeli operations, the scale of destruction has attracted the attention of the entire world. It cannot be explained away by the natural differential that exists between the damages caused by a "covert" terror attack and an "open" military offensive. The blame for this large asymmetry of loss of human lives is getting passed on to Israel notwithstanding the fact that the Hamas terror attack of October 7 was a planned one not forgivable at all.

Of course, valid questions have been raised about the competence of Israeli intelligence in regard to the Oct 7 attack of Hamas particularly in the light of the fact that thousands of Palestinians came to Israel for their daily occupation and some "listening posts" for Israel were expected to exist among them.

Religion-driven alignments seem to be further bolstering this global divide. Iran coming closer to China and Russia, the Taliban-led Kabul Emirate striking a give-and-take adjustment with China and the Arab world siding with Hamas against Israel because of the basic contradiction between Islam and Zionism - are all trends that signified the importance of religion as the fundamental driving force of unity overriding political differentiations.

China under President Xi Jinping is striving to become a Superpower on the strength of economic growth and technological advancement -- though its military might is also being built- and is playing its cards in the Ukraine-Russia armed confrontation in a manner that would keep Russia on his side without letting the conflict acquire the dimensions of a world war.

The Middle East is setting an example of how regional conflicts may be determining the cause of global peace and how regional interests could be guiding the approach of world powers to such conflicts.

India is in the midst of a foreign policy challenge because the new geopolitical shifts have had the effect of causing a reset of the strategy of handling international relations.

India's emphasis on mutually beneficial bilateral relationships that did not compromise with the case for global peace and human welfare, has proved to be extremely fruitful as it has enabled India to develop a natural friendship with the US as a leader of the democratic world without letting this affect the strategically deep India-Russia bonds.

It has made it possible for India to demand upfront that the Ukraine-Russia military confrontation be paused to allow for mediation for peace on the basis of an understanding of the security concerns of both sides.

A second element of India's foreign policy has been an unambiguous condemnation of terrorism of any kind or origin. This covers Pakistan's cross-border terrorism in Kashmir carried out by Pak ISI -- sponsored Islamic militant outfits like Hizbul Mujahideen, Lashkare Toiba and Jaish-e-Mohammad that were India-specific to which had been added the Islamic 'radical' forces like Al Qaeda and ISIS that were increasing their hold in the Muslim world and reaching out to other regions globally.

Prime Minister Narendra Modi on a visit to Moscow for the India-Russia bilateral summit with President Vladimir Putin on July 9, condemned the recent ISIS-K attack at Moscow and pointed out how India had for long suffered Pak-instigated cross-border terrorism in Kashmir and elsewhere.

India is legitimately disappointed that the US is still not taking adequate notice of Pakistan's role in fostering Islamic extremism and militancy. On the other hand, Russia seemed to better understand the threat of 'radicalisation' that bothers India.

In any case, it is India that has to counter Pakistan and China largely on its own and it is a matter of great satisfaction that the Modi government was totally geared to handling this challenge.

(The writer is a former Director of the Intelligence Bureau.)